{"id":25,"date":"2022-05-24T22:48:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-24T20:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/?page_id=25"},"modified":"2024-08-13T19:13:44","modified_gmt":"2024-08-13T17:13:44","slug":"panneau2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/accueil\/cdu\/etape1\/panneau2\/","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;apparition des premi\u00e8res particules"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background has-background is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-ad2f72ca wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Et1-2-1.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-ad2f72ca wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/accueil\/cdu\/etape1\/panneau1\/\">Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/accueil\/cdu\/etape1\/panneau3\/\">Suivant<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">La mati\u00e8re est donc cr\u00e9\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, et l\u2019\u00e9nergie est maintenant stock\u00e9e dans la mati\u00e8re. O\u00f9 est-elle&nbsp;?<br>Tout d\u2019abord dans les protons et les neutrons cr\u00e9\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de l\u2019association de quarks&nbsp;; on appelle l\u2019interaction nucl\u00e9aire forte. Cela repr\u00e9sente une quantit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9nergie ph\u00e9nom\u00e9nale&nbsp;! On aimerait bien la r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer celle-ci. On ne peut le mettre en \u00e9vidence que dans certains laboratoires sur terre&nbsp;!<br>Puis l\u2019interaction qui permet aux protons et neutrons de rester souder est l\u2019interaction nucl\u00e9aire faible. Elle est mise en jeu dans les centrales nucl\u00e9aires ou lors de l\u2019explosion de bombes atomiques en cassant de gros atomes. C\u2019est aussi ces interactions qui permettent au soleil de nous envoyer son rayonnement qui nous chauffe en fusionnant les atomes d\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne. Celle-ci, on commence \u00e0 la ma\u00eetriser&nbsp;! Cela repr\u00e9sente aussi beaucoup d\u2019\u00e9nergie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Les protons sont charg\u00e9s positivement. Les \u00e9lectrons entourent le noyau atomique pour stabiliser les charges \u00e9lectriques.<br>La troisi\u00e8me interaction est l\u2019interaction \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique&nbsp;; c\u2019est celle qui permet de rendre compte des \u00e9tats d\u2019humeur des \u00e9lectrons, et qui permettra d\u2019expliquer la couleur des objets, l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, le magn\u00e9tisme \u2026, on arrive assez bien \u00e0 ma\u00eetriser cette source d\u2019\u00e9nergie, mais il y a encore des secrets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Enfin, l\u2019interaction gravitationnelle met en \u0153uvre l\u2019attirance des masses entre elles. C\u2019est gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 elle que les plan\u00e8tes tournent autour du soleil, que la lune tourne autour de la terre\u2026 et qui permet d\u2019expliquer les trous noirs, les supernova \u2026 d\u00e8s qu\u2019il y a de la masse, il y a de la gravit\u00e9, et plus il y a de la mati\u00e8re et plus la gravit\u00e9 est importante. Et bien l\u00e0, il y a encore pas mal \u00e0 apprendre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"858\" src=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-38.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-38.png 450w, https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/image-38-157x300.png 157w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:59%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\" style=\"padding-top:2em;padding-right:2em;padding-bottom:2em;padding-left:2em\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:36px;line-height:1.2\"><strong>De nouvelles particules ! <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La mati\u00e8re provient de l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie&#8230; mais o\u00f9 est-elle? Comment se manifeste-t-elle ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour continuer l&rsquo;histoire, \u00e9coutez notre conteur, Henry, continuer l&rsquo;histoire de cette myst\u00e9rieuse mati\u00e8re pr\u00e9sente dans l&rsquo;univers<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Et1-2.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-ad2f72ca wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/accueil\/cdu\/etape1\/panneau1\/\">pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/accueil\/cdu\/etape1\/panneau3\/\">Suivant<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"697\" src=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/eso1137a.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-113\" srcset=\"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/eso1137a.jpg 700w, https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/eso1137a-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/eso1137a-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The  Antennae Galaxies (also known as NGC 4038 and 4039) are a pair of  distorted colliding spiral galaxies about 70 million light-years away,  in the constellation of Corvus (The Crow). This view combines ALMA  observations, made in two different wavelength ranges during the observatory\u2019s early testing phase, with  visible-light observations from the NASA\/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. The  Hubble image is the sharpest view of this object ever taken and serves  as the ultimate benchmark in terms of resolution. ALMA observes at much  longer wavelengths which makes it much harder to obtain comparably sharp  images. However, when the full ALMA array is completed its vision will  be up to ten times sharper than Hubble. Most of the ALMA test observations used to create this image were made  using only twelve antennas working together \u2014 far fewer than will be  used for the first science observations \u2014 and much closer together as  well.&nbsp;Both of these factors make the new image just a taster  of what is to come. As the observatory grows, the sharpness, speed, and  quality of its observations will increase dramatically as more antennas  become available and the array grows in size. This is nevertheless the  best submillimetre-wavelength image ever taken of the Antennae Galaxies  and opens a new window on the submillimetre Universe. While  visible light \u2014 shown here mainly in blue \u2014 reveals the newborn stars  in the galaxies, ALMA\u2019s view shows us something that cannot be seen at  those wavelengths: the clouds of dense cold gas from which new stars  form. The ALMA observations \u2014 shown here in red, pink and yellow \u2014 were  made at specific wavelengths of millimetre and submillimetre light (ALMA bands 3 and 7),  tuned to detect carbon monoxide molecules in the otherwise invisible  hydrogen clouds, where new stars are forming. Massive  concentrations of gas are found not only in the hearts of the two  galaxies but also in the chaotic region where they are colliding.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:41%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"561\" src=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/modele-standard-des-particules-elementaires-36590417.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/modele-standard-des-particules-elementaires-36590417.jpg 800w, https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/modele-standard-des-particules-elementaires-36590417-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/modele-standard-des-particules-elementaires-36590417-768x539.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"http:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/la-structure-de-quark-du-neutron-et-du-proton-51975912.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/la-structure-de-quark-du-neutron-et-du-proton-51975912.jpg 800w, https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/la-structure-de-quark-du-neutron-et-du-proton-51975912-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/la-structure-de-quark-du-neutron-et-du-proton-51975912-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La mati\u00e8re est donc cr\u00e9\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, et l\u2019\u00e9nergie est maintenant stock\u00e9e dans la mati\u00e8re. O\u00f9 est-elle&nbsp;?Tout d\u2019abord dans les protons et les neutrons cr\u00e9\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":14,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-25","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":554,"href":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25\/revisions\/554"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/actionsciencejargeau.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}